The decisive factor for being named a Citation Laureate is above all how often a research achievement has been cited in the scientific world. Even though the research itself is not the reason for this award, Stuart Parkin shows that his work could revolutionise commercially available hard disk storage.

Language is one aspect that makes us human. The ability to produce an infinite number of utterances based on the words in the mental lexicon and a small number of syntactic rules is unique to humans.

New physics-based self-learning machines could replace the current artificial neural networks and save energy.

A new study shows that changes in grammatical complexity are not shaped by social environments. Many linguists have proposed that languages spoken by numerous non-native speakers tend to have simpler grammars.

Before the light comes on and a new star shines, enough gas and dust must accumulate in a very small space for a star's energy source, nuclear fusion, to ignite. This by no means happens at rest. Matter swirls around, and before the star sees the light of day, violent birth labour is not uncommon. The new James Webb Space Telescope has turned its lens on such a spectacle, which reveals itself in unprecedented detail.

Carrying small sensors, they could be the most sensitive and informative weather instruments of all.

Obesity leads to altered energy metabolism and reduced insulin sensitivity of cells. The so-called "anti-obesity drugs" are increasingly used to treat obesity and have caused tremendous interest, especially in the USA. Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research in Cologne, Germany, have now shown in people with obesity that reduced insulin sensitivity affects learning of sensory associations. A single dose of the anti-obesity drug liraglutide was able to normalise these changes and restore the underlying brain circuit function.

Using a metabolic pathway, energy-rich resources can be produced via the power of electricity. When nature performs chemical reactions to create energy-rich compounds from simple molecules, it requires energy.