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Life Sciences - Chemistry - 07.02.2025
Saving energy is 'in', even neurons are joining in
Saving energy is ’in’, even neurons are joining in
Bonn researchers clarify how energy regulates the spatial arrangement and quantity of molecules in nerve cells Nerve cells have amazing strategies to save energy and still perform the most important of their tasks. Researchers from the University Hospital Bonn (UKB) and the University of Bonn as well as the University Medical Center Göttingen found that the neuronal energy conservation program determines the location and number of messenger RNA (mRNA) and proteins, and differs depending on the length, longevity and other properties of the respective molecule.

Physics - Chemistry - 05.02.2025
Study presents self-organising nanostructures with conductive properties
Study presents self-organising nanostructures with conductive properties
Japanese-German research team synthesises thiophene-fused nanobelts / Analysis reveals structure and behaviour of the molecules In the search for useful materials, it is worth taking a closer look at the smallest structures: materials in the nanoscale sometimes have unique properties, for example in terms of electrical conductivity.

Physics - Chemistry - 29.01.2025
New insights into the transformation dynamics of antimony
New insights into the transformation dynamics of antimony
Physicists analyse glass formation for photonic switches At the Institute of Materials Physics at the University of Münster, researchers investigate materials that can transform their internal structure very rapidly, thereby significantly changing their optical properties. This behaviour is useful, for example, when processing information using photonic waveguides.

Life Sciences - Chemistry - 27.01.2025
New insights into the immune response of plants
New insights into the immune response of plants
Based on their observations, the biologists proposed a model detailing the mechanisms of systemic immune signalling in plants: Triggered by a pathogen, initially a third kinase inside the infected cell triggers the generation of extracellular reactive oxygen species in the cell, which would then diffuse to the surface of neighbouring cells.

Materials Science - Chemistry - 22.01.2025
New findings on the bonding structure of antimony with implications for materials research
New findings on the bonding structure of antimony with implications for materials research
A recent study provides new insights into chemical bonding in the chemical element antimony and could therefore have a lasting impact on materials research. The collaboration between scientists from Leipzig University, RWTH Aachen University and the DESY synchrotron in Hamburg combined experimental measurements with theoretical calculations.

Chemistry - Pharmacology - 21.01.2025
New process for polarity inversion of chemical compounds for precise drug synthesis
New process for polarity inversion of chemical compounds for precise drug synthesis
Researchers at Leipzig University have developed a new process for reversing the polarity of chemical compounds, also known as umpolung, for the precise synthesis of pharmaceuticals. This innovative method, developed by a team of scientists led by Professor Christoph Schneider at the Institute of Organic Chemistry, provides a solution-oriented approach to a long-standing challenge in organic and medicinal chemistry," says Till Friedmann, lead author of It has just been published in the prestigious Journal of the American Chemical Society.

Chemistry - 20.01.2025
AI-Powered Data Analysis Uncovers Issues in Scientific Publications
Study reveals: Chemical research reports often contain inaccurate measurement data AI-powered data analysis tools have the potential to significantly improve the quality of scientific publications. A new study by Professor Mathias Christmann, a chemistry professor at Freie Universität Berlin, has uncovered shortcomings in chemical publications.

Chemistry - Physics - 17.01.2025
New material for extracting CO2 from air and exhaust gases
New material for extracting CO2 from air and exhaust gases
Quantum chemical calculations by HU enable the development of new porous materials distinct by a high adsorption capacity for CO2. Climate experts agree: To tackle the climate crisis, we will not only need to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions but also directly filter the harmful gas from air and exhaust gases.

Chemistry - 15.01.2025
Graphene Made Permeable for Ions
Würzburg chemists have for the first time created a defect in graphene that allows ions to pass through. As they report in 'Nature', this could lead to new applications in water filtration or sensor technology. Graphene is an extremely thin, flexible and resistant material made of pure carbon. It forms layers that consist of virtually a single layer of carbon atoms.

Chemistry - Life Sciences - 15.01.2025
Similarities discovered between vascular calcification and bone growth
Real-time observation of certain biochemical processes in blood vessels from mice has revealed a previously unknown similarity between atherosclerosis, also known as vascular calcification, and bone growth. A research team led by Professor Robert Feil at the University of Tübingen's Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry discovered that a molecular signaling pathway that plays an important role in bone growth can slow down the development of atherosclerosis in blood vessels.

Chemistry - Life Sciences - 14.01.2025
Ribozyme Structure Revealed: Success for RNA Research in Würzburg
Ribozyme Structure Revealed: Success for RNA Research in Würzburg
Researchers led by chemist Claudia Höbartner have now uncovered the 3D structure of the RNA enzyme SAMURI. Their study provides insights into the development of ribozymes and the evolution of catalytically active RNA. RNA molecules are an integral part of the human body: In cells, they ensure the transfer of genetic information and regulate the activity of genes.

Chemistry - Materials Science - 27.11.2024
Paving the way for diagnostics
Paving the way for diagnostics
Two-dimensional materials such as graphene are not only ultrathin, but also extremely sensitive. Researchers have therefore been trying for years to develop highly sensitive biosensors that utilise this property. Graphene-based field-effect transistors, for example, could register the tiniest changes in the electronic properties caused by the molecules when they interact with this atomically thin layer.

Environment - Chemistry - 13.11.2024
Pollutants in shipping: researchers recommend stricter regulations
Pollutants in shipping: researchers recommend stricter regulations
New study on the toxicity of hydrocarbons The international maritime shipping industry contributes to air pollution, particularly in coastal areas and port cities. The 'International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships' regulates, among other things, air pollution from shipping and sets limits for the sulphur content in fuels.

Environment - Chemistry - 11.11.2024
Nanoparticle Bursts over the Amazon Rainforest
Nanoparticle Bursts over the Amazon Rainforest
News from Atmospheric aerosol particles are essential for the formation of clouds and precipitation, thereby influencing the Earth's energy budget, water cycle, and climate. However, the origin of aerosol particles in pristine air over the Amazon rainforest during the wet season is poorly understood.

Chemistry - 23.10.2024
New method for producing innovative 3D molecules
New method for producing innovative 3D molecules
Research team at the University of Münster synthesizes three-dimensional ring structures as a possible alternative to biologically active flat rings Their shape is reminiscent of a cage, and this three-dimensional structure makes them significantly more stable than related flat molecules. Ring-shaped "cage molecules" are therefore a possible alternative to conventional molecular rings from the group of aromatic compounds and are of interest for drug development.

Pharmacology - Chemistry - 23.10.2024
A 'chemical ChatGPT' for new medications
A ’chemical ChatGPT’ for new medications
Researchers from the University of Bonn have trained an AI process to predict potential active ingredients with special properties. Therefore, they derived a chemical language model - a kind of ChatGPT for molecules. Following a training phase, the AI was able to exactly reproduce the chemical structures of compounds with known dual-target activity that may be particularly effective medications.

Chemistry - Health - 17.10.2024
Effects of chemical mixtures: Neurotoxic effects add up
Effects of chemical mixtures: Neurotoxic effects add up
Chemicals are omnipresent today: they enter our bodies through food, air or the skin. But how do these complex mixtures of chemicals affect our health? In a study published in the journal Science, a research team from the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ) and the University of Tübingen has shown that chemicals that occur in complex mixtures and in concentration ratios as found in humans act together.

Chemistry - Physics - 16.10.2024
Mechanism of Cobalt-Manganese Catalysts Deciphered
Mechanism of Cobalt-Manganese Catalysts Deciphered
The energy carrier hydrogen can be obtained from water by electrolysis. This works particularly well with Cobalt spinel electrocatalysts containing manganese. However, it was unclear why. Conventional catalysts for hydrogen production via water electrolysis usually contain precious metals and are expensive.

Environment - Chemistry - 12.10.2024
How thunderstorms and plant transpiration produce condensation nuclei
How thunderstorms and plant transpiration produce condensation nuclei
News from The rainforest in the Amazon basin transpires vast amounts of gaseous isoprene. Until now, it was assumed that this molecule is not transported far up into the atmosphere, as it rapidly declines when exposed to light conditions. However, the CAFE-Brazil measurement campaign provided data for two studies - now published as the Nature cover story - which demonstrate that nocturnal thunderstorms transport the isoprene to an altitude of up to 15 kilometres.

Chemistry - Life Sciences - 10.10.2024
Researchers can measure distances in molecules optically
Researchers can measure distances in molecules optically
MINFLUX microscopy allows the determination of distances within biomolecules using an optical microscope A team led by physicists Steffen Sahl and Stefan Hell at the Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences in Göttingen and the Max Planck Institute for Medical Research in Heidelberg has succeeded in measuring distances within biomolecules using a light microscope, down to one nanometer and with Éngström precision.
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